In addition to specialized technical education. there is also supplementary and general technical education. Supplementary technical education provides students at higher educational institutions and specialized secondary educational institutions with the technical knowledge and skills required for the study and use of machines, mechanisms, equipment and automatic controls devices used in many areas of science, education, and culture. It includes technical and engineering disciplines that are studied in university departments of geology, chemistry, physics and biology, in agricultural higher educational institutions in the departments of agriculture and veterinary medicine, in medical, pedagogical, and other institutes, and in specialized secondary educational institute, and in specialized secondary educational institutions. The importance of supplementary technical education has grown with the increasing use of technical equipment in various areas of science and culture. for example the technology of experimental research, computer technology, technical aids in education, and devices instruments for medical diagnosis and therapy. General technical education is provided in general-education secondary schools and lays the foundation needed to acquire the technical knowledge and skills offered by a poly technical education and on-the-job-training.
Geology, Mining, Power Engineering, Metallurgy, Machine Building, Instrumentation, Radio Electronics, Timber Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Engineering in the area of the production of foodstuffs and consumer goods, Construction, Geodesy, Hydro meteorology, Transportation and communications are the included system of specialized Technical Education in the USSR.
On the field of Specialists working on higher technical educations,they are mainly trained in poly-technical and industrial institutes, specialized higher technical educational institutions, including factory-based higher technical educational institutions, in the technical departments of several universities, and in higher technical military educational institution. Programs for specialists in higher technical educational institutions are five or six years in length. The curriculum of each specialty consist of general science, general engineering, and specialized disciplines. Included in the program of general science disciplines are socio economic sciences (history of the CPSU, political economy, Marxist-Leninist philosophy, and scientific communism), higher mathematics, theoretical mechanics, physics, chemistry, a foreign language, and other subjects, depending on the specialty. The general Science and general engineering disciplines provide for the training of specialists with broad backgrounds. In the programs for special disciplines, particular attention is given to those disciplines that provide the scientific foundation for specialist training, for example, the theory of various engineering processes, the theory, analysis, and design of specific machines and instruments, and automation.
As we know that the engineers are the most important parts of the economics, So according to their importance much attention is given to the training of future engineers in economics: students in all specialties study practical economics, organization and the planning and control of production, The curriculum of all specialties include a course on labor protection, which covers the fundamentals of occupational safety and fire-prevention technology. In accordance with the requirements of scientific and technological progress, courses on industrial electronics, automation, the automation of production processes and the use of atomic energy in the national economy have been introduced into the curricula of higher technical educational institutes.
Disciplines common to all specialties are most often studied in the first two or, sometimes, three years. Specialized training in most cases begins in the third or fourth year. In most of the cases, the process of making specialized training begins in the third or fourth.During the program, students independently carry out a series of analytic graphic assignments and course projects: for example, in machine-building institutes such projects may examine the theory of machines and mechanisms, machine components, and hoisting machines and mechanisms. In the final semesters, students complete three to five course projects in their specialty (six to none course projects in construction-engineering and architectural specialties). For the practical experience, students were taken to workshops and training grounds and in production training in factories.
For the completion of Higher Technical Education, the students prepares and defends a diploma project or diploma thesis of an experimental nature. Graduates receive the title of engineer of the corresponding specialty. The level of scientific training is equivalent to that of graduates of technical institutes in the USA, Great Britain, Japan and other countries who have completed a dissertation for the second professional academic degree, that is the master's degree.But in many countries, a specialist is awarded the degree of engineer, which does not convey the right to work as an engineer, that is , to design a project. After the specialist granted an engineering qualification is awarded by the Board rights by the corresponding engineering society. This qualification is granted after the applicant has acquired several years of practical experience and has passed special examinations.